Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis that can occur in any joint. As a podiatry practice, our patients present with symptoms in the big toe joint, smaller toe joints, mid foot and ankle. During the time of an acute flare, one will experience a quick onset of severe pain, redness and swelling. The affected area may also be warm to touch. It is quite common for patients to come limping into the office.
Certain patient populations are more prone to developing gout. You are at a higher risk for gout if:
- You are male
- Have a family history of gout
- Have certain medical conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure
- Are taking certain prescription medications
- Consume foods and certain beverages that are high in purines
- Are clinically obese
Our bodies naturally break down purines into uric acid which is then excreted. In some cases, our bodies produce too much uric acid or we are unable to excrete enough. Gout flares occur when there is an increased amount of uric acid in the blood. High levels of uric acid in the blood lead to the development of urate crystals which travel to the joints. These crystals are responsible for causing inflammation of the joint.
A diagnosis can be made by patient history and clinical exam, however in some cases blood work, joint fluid analysis and imaging may be ordered. Treatment typically involves oral medications, injectable medications or both. For patients who experience frequent gout attacks, there are prescription medications available that can be taken daily to prevent future attacks.
In order to reduce the chance of a gout flare be sure to stay hydrated with plenty of water. Stay away from sugary drinks that contain fructose. Avoid foods (such as red meat, organ meats and seafood) and alcoholic beverages (beer and grain liquor) that are high in purines.
